I'm Srinesh Nisala

• Senior software engineer at Orli tech
• You can find me on these platforms
  • github.com/s1n7ax
  • linkedin.com/in/srinesh-nisala
  • s1n7ax.com

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Job Designations

• Manual QA Engineer - Manual
• QA Engineer - Manual / Automation
• QA Automation Engineer - Automation

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Programming Skills

• Manual QA Engineer - No programming knowledge needed
• QA Automation Engineer - Need basic programming knowledge

[!NOTE] Some companies has their own in-house automation tools that requires no programming knowledge to automate an applications

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Salaries

QA Engineer Salary

Senior QA Engineer Salary

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Final Tips

• Don't be afraid to ask an increment, change in responsibility etc...
• Make sure you’re not staying in one place for too long without growth

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Popular web UI automation frameworks

Feature	Selenium	Cypress	Playwright
Browser support	✅✅	✅	✅
Language Support	✅	JS	Java, Python, JS
Ease of Setup	✅	✅	✅
Ease of Use	Hard	Easy	Moderately simple
Built-in Debugging Tools	Limited	Excellent	Good
Parallel Execution	Requires config	Limited (via CI)	✅
Released in	2004	2017	2020
Popularity	Selenium! selenium everywhere	Ok	Ok
Stability	Rock solid	Questionable	Ok
Technology	Webdriver	WebAPI	CDP

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Selenium

Selenium is a software project that allows you to automate web applications using various browsers

Components of Selenium

ELI5 description

• Web Driver - jar file with bunch of classes to automate browser
• Selenium IDE - records actions you perform on browser and creates an automation script
• Selenium Grid - Run tests remotely

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Selenium IDE hands on

[!NOTE] Scripts created by this plugin is pretty terrible Not necessarily because it's bad engineering It's genuinely a hard problem

• Download and install the Selenium IDE (4MB)
• Create a new project
• Start a new recording with https://demoqa.com/text-box
• Export the recorded script to a Java JUnit file

[!NOTE] Generated code is using JUnit 4

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Selenium Web Driver hands on

Pre-requisites

• Java 21
• Gradle 8
• Firefox
• VSCode with Extension Pack for Java (or any other Java IDE)

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Step 1 - Setting up Java project for test

changes

• Create a new Java project

gradle init

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Step 2 - Google page load test

changes

• Add selenium as dependency

# app/build.gradle
testImplementation 'org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.27.0'

• Add a sample test

@Test
void appHasAGreeting() {
  var browser = new FirefoxDriver();
  browser.get("https://www.google.com");

  // this is the test
  assertEquals(browser.getTitle(), "Google");
  browser.close();
}

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Webdriver classic, WebDriver BiDi

Dec 21, 2024 9:12:29 AM org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver <init>
WARNING: CDP support for Firefox is deprecated and will be removed in future versions. Please switch to WebDriver BiDi.

WebDriver classic architecture

WebDriver BiDi architecture

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Enable BiDi

Chrome

var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setCapability("webSocketUrl", true);
browser = new ChromeDriver(options);

Firefox

var options = new FirefoxOptions();
options.setCapability("webSocketUrl", true);
browser = new FirefoxDriver(options);

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(Off topic) Remove extensions

[!NOTE] While most Selenium commands are included in the specification, some things are browser specific

On Chrome

var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--disable-extensions");
browser = new ChromeDriver(options);

On Firefox

var options = new FirefoxOptions();
options.addArguments("--safe-mode");
browser = new FirefoxDriver(options);

[!NOTE] --safe-mode flag in Firefox disables multiple features including extensions Such as Hardware Acceleration & Themes etc

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Step 3 - DemoQA form validation

changes

• Manually check the website https://demoqa.com/text-box
• Inspect the element in the form and output
• Capture the element to execute actions
• Validate the data after submit

@BeforeEach
public void beforeEach() {
  var options = new FirefoxOptions();
  options.addArguments("--safe-mode");
  options.setCapability("webSocketUrl", true);
  browser = new FirefoxDriver(options);
}

browser.get("https://demoqa.com/text-box");
var pageHeader = browser.findElement(By.tagName("h1"));
assertEquals(pageHeader.getText(), "Text Box");

browser.findElement(By.id("userName")).sendKeys("Srinesh Nisala");
browser.findElement(By.id("userEmail")).sendKeys("random@gmail.com");

var submitBtn = browser.findElement(By.id("submit"));
((JavascriptExecutor) browser).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", submitBtn);
submitBtn.click();

var output = browser.findElement(By.id("output"));
var acName = output.findElement(By.id("name")).getText();
var acEmail = output.findElement(By.id("email")).getText();

assertTrue(acName.endsWith("Srinesh Nisala"));
assertTrue(acEmail.endsWith("random@gmail.com"));

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Common Exceptions

ELI5 description;

• NoSuchElementException - Element you are looking for is not in the webpage. If selector is correct, see if it's inside an iframe
• StaleElementReferenceException - Element was there but not right now
• ElementClickInterceptedException - Popup probably covering the element or not in the view

[!TIP] Looking for info? Search in documentation first Then try GPTing it or try Stackoverflow

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Step 4 - Page object model design pattern

changes

Why page object model

• Re-usability
• Ease of maintenance
• Better readability and clarity

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• Create pages from form and form output

public class DemoQATextboxPage {
  private WebDriver browser;

  @FindBy(id = "userName")
  private WebElement fullName;

  @FindBy(id = "userEmail")
  private WebElement email;

  @FindBy(id = "submit")
  private WebElement submit;

  DemoQATextboxPage(WebDriver browser) {
    this.browser = browser;
    PageFactory.initElements(browser, this);
  }

  public void fillForm(String fullName, String email) {
    this.fullName.sendKeys(fullName);
    this.email.sendKeys(email);
    ((JavascriptExecutor) this.browser).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", this.submit);
    this.submit.click();
  }
}

public class DemoQATextboxOutputPage {
  @FindBy(id = "name")
  private WebElement name;

  @FindBy(id = "email")
  private WebElement email;

  DemoQATextboxOutputPage(WebDriver browser) {
    var output = browser.findElement(By.id("output"));
    PageFactory.initElements(output, this);
  }

  public void validateForm(String expFullName, String expEmail) {
    assertTrue(this.name.getText().endsWith(expFullName));
    assertTrue(this.email.getText().endsWith(expEmail));
  }
}

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Step 5 - Data driven testing

changes

Data-Driven Testing (DDT) is a software testing methodology in which test scripts execute a set of test cases using different sets of input data.

[!NOTE] The following example demonstrates how to supply different data sets to tests, which is a crucial aspect of data-driven testing. However, it does not address handling varying scenarios based on the input data

@ParameterizedTest
@ValueSource(strings = { "Srinesh,srinesh@email.com", "Nisala,nisala@email.com" })
void test(String detils) {
  browser.get("https://demoqa.com/text-box");

  var splitDetails = detils.split(",");
  var fullName = splitDetails[0];
  var email = splitDetails[1];

  DemoQATextboxPage.init(browser).fillForm(fullName, email);
  DemoQATextboxOutputPage.init(browser).validateForm(fullName, email);
}

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Step 6 - Headless mode

changes

Chrome

var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless=new");
browser = new ChromeDriver(options);

Firefox

var options = new FirefoxOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless");
browser = new FirefoxDriver(options);